Graham McIntire
3ac6963c74
850 mb T alone shows that warm air is present aloft but doesn't reveal
whether it's the textbook cap structure — a warm 700 mb above an EML
plume. The three new layers expose the canonical capping diagnostics
visually:
* T @ 700 mb — ≥10 °C is the southern Plains "moderate cap" threshold
* Td @ 700 mb — wide T-Td depression at 700 mb signals the EML plume
* Lapse 850→700 — steep mid-layer lapse rate (≥7 °C/km) over a moist
boundary layer is the cap mechanism itself
All three derive purely from the existing pressure-level profile (Rust
already fetches up through 700 mb), so no Rust pipeline changes needed.
193 lines
6.9 KiB
Elixir
193 lines
6.9 KiB
Elixir
defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.WeatherLayersTest do
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use ExUnit.Case, async: true
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alias Microwaveprop.Weather.SoundingParams
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alias Microwaveprop.Weather.WeatherLayers
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@sample_profile [
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%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 28.0, "dwpc" => 20.0, "hght" => 100.0},
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%{"pres" => 975.0, "tmpc" => 26.0, "dwpc" => 18.0, "hght" => 340.0},
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%{"pres" => 950.0, "tmpc" => 24.0, "dwpc" => 16.0, "hght" => 580.0},
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%{"pres" => 925.0, "tmpc" => 22.0, "dwpc" => 14.0, "hght" => 830.0},
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%{"pres" => 900.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 12.0, "hght" => 1090.0},
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%{"pres" => 875.0, "tmpc" => 18.0, "dwpc" => 10.0, "hght" => 1360.0},
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%{"pres" => 850.0, "tmpc" => 16.0, "dwpc" => 8.0, "hght" => 1640.0},
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%{"pres" => 825.0, "tmpc" => 14.0, "dwpc" => 6.0, "hght" => 1930.0},
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%{"pres" => 800.0, "tmpc" => 12.0, "dwpc" => 4.0, "hght" => 2230.0},
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%{"pres" => 775.0, "tmpc" => 10.0, "dwpc" => 2.0, "hght" => 2540.0},
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%{"pres" => 750.0, "tmpc" => 8.0, "dwpc" => 0.0, "hght" => 2860.0},
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%{"pres" => 725.0, "tmpc" => 6.0, "dwpc" => -2.0, "hght" => 3200.0},
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%{"pres" => 700.0, "tmpc" => 4.0, "dwpc" => -4.0, "hght" => 3550.0}
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]
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@inversion_profile [
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%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 28.0, "dwpc" => 20.0, "hght" => 100.0},
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%{"pres" => 975.0, "tmpc" => 26.0, "dwpc" => 18.0, "hght" => 340.0},
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%{"pres" => 950.0, "tmpc" => 22.0, "dwpc" => 14.0, "hght" => 580.0},
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%{"pres" => 925.0, "tmpc" => 25.0, "dwpc" => 10.0, "hght" => 830.0},
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%{"pres" => 900.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 8.0, "hght" => 1090.0}
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]
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defp sample_row(overrides \\ %{}) do
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Map.merge(
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%{
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surface_temp_c: 28.0,
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surface_dewpoint_c: 20.0,
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surface_pressure_mb: 1000.0,
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surface_refractivity: 350.0,
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profile: @sample_profile,
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duct_characteristics: nil
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},
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overrides
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)
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end
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describe "derive/1 surface relative humidity" do
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test "computes surface RH from temp and dewpoint using Buck equation" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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expected_rh = 100.0 * SoundingParams.sat_vap_pres(20.0) / SoundingParams.sat_vap_pres(28.0)
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assert_in_delta result.surface_rh, expected_rh, 0.01
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 850mb extraction" do
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test "extracts temperature at 850mb from profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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assert result.temp_850mb == 16.0
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end
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test "extracts dewpoint at 850mb from profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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assert result.dewpoint_850mb == 8.0
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 700mb extraction (cap diagnostics)" do
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test "extracts temperature at 700mb from profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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# 700 mb level in @sample_profile sits at 4.0 °C
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assert result.temp_700mb == 4.0
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end
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test "extracts dewpoint at 700mb from profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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assert result.dewpoint_700mb == -4.0
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end
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test "returns nil when profile does not reach 700 mb" do
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shallow = [
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%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 15.0, "hght" => 100.0},
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%{"pres" => 925.0, "tmpc" => 14.0, "dwpc" => 8.0, "hght" => 800.0}
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]
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{profile: shallow}))
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assert result.temp_700mb == nil
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assert result.dewpoint_700mb == nil
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 mid-layer lapse rate (850-700 cap mechanism)" do
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test "computes lapse rate over the 850-700 mb layer in C/km" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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# 850 mb: 16.0 °C @ 1640 m, 700 mb: 4.0 °C @ 3550 m
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# dT/dh = (16.0 - 4.0) / ((3550 - 1640) / 1000) = 12.0 / 1.91 ≈ 6.28
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expected = (16.0 - 4.0) / ((3550.0 - 1640.0) / 1000.0)
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assert_in_delta result.mid_lapse_rate, expected, 0.01
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end
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test "returns nil when one of the bracketing levels is missing" do
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shallow = [
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%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 15.0, "hght" => 100.0},
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%{"pres" => 925.0, "tmpc" => 14.0, "dwpc" => 8.0, "hght" => 800.0}
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]
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{profile: shallow}))
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assert result.mid_lapse_rate == nil
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 lapse rate" do
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test "computes lapse rate in C/km from surface to top of profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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# (28.0 - 4.0) / ((3550.0 - 100.0) / 1000.0) = 24.0 / 3.45 = ~6.957
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expected = (28.0 - 4.0) / ((3550.0 - 100.0) / 1000.0)
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assert_in_delta result.lapse_rate, expected, 0.01
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 inversion detection" do
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test "detects no inversion in standard lapse profile" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row())
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assert result.inversion_strength == 0.0
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end
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test "detects inversion strength and base height" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{profile: @inversion_profile}))
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# Inversion: 950mb (22C, 580m) -> 925mb (25C, 830m), strength = 3.0
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assert_in_delta result.inversion_strength, 3.0, 0.01
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# Base height AGL: 580m - 100m (surface) = 480m
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assert_in_delta result.inversion_base_m, 480.0, 0.01
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 duct characteristics" do
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test "extracts duct base and strength from duct_characteristics" do
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ducts = [
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%{"base" => 500.0, "top" => 800.0, "strength" => 12.5},
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%{"base" => 200.0, "top" => 400.0, "strength" => 8.0}
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]
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{duct_characteristics: ducts}))
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# min base
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assert result.duct_base_m == 200.0
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# max strength
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assert result.duct_strength == 12.5
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end
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test "handles nil duct_characteristics" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{duct_characteristics: nil}))
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assert result.duct_base_m == nil
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assert result.duct_strength == nil
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 nil/empty profile" do
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test "handles nil profile gracefully" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{profile: nil}))
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assert result.temp_850mb == nil
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assert result.dewpoint_850mb == nil
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assert result.temp_700mb == nil
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assert result.dewpoint_700mb == nil
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assert result.lapse_rate == nil
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assert result.mid_lapse_rate == nil
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assert result.inversion_strength == 0.0
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assert result.inversion_base_m == nil
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end
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test "handles empty profile gracefully" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{profile: []}))
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assert result.temp_850mb == nil
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assert result.dewpoint_850mb == nil
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assert result.temp_700mb == nil
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assert result.dewpoint_700mb == nil
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assert result.lapse_rate == nil
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assert result.mid_lapse_rate == nil
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assert result.inversion_strength == 0.0
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assert result.inversion_base_m == nil
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end
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end
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describe "derive/1 surface refractivity passthrough" do
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test "passes through surface_refractivity unchanged" do
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result = WeatherLayers.derive(sample_row(%{surface_refractivity: 342.7}))
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assert result.surface_refractivity == 342.7
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end
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end
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end
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