diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/commercial/snmp_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/commercial/snmp_client_test.exs
index 83411ebf..3b7cc6b8 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/commercial/snmp_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/commercial/snmp_client_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 defmodule Microwaveprop.Commercial.SnmpClientTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   alias Microwaveprop.Commercial.SnmpClient
 
@@ -181,4 +182,107 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Commercial.SnmpClientTest do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "parse_snmpget_output/2 additional edge cases" do
+    test "lines without the ' = ' separator are skipped" do
+      # parse_snmp_line needs `OID = TYPE: value`. Any line that doesn't
+      # split on ' = ' into two parts is silently dropped.
+      output = """
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.11.1 = INTEGER: -60
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.14.1: INTEGER -55
+      """
+
+      result = SnmpClient.parse_snmpget_output(output, :af11x)
+      assert result.rx_power_0 == -60
+      refute Map.has_key?(result, :rx_power_1)
+    end
+
+    test "quoted STRING values are stripped of quotes; non-numeric content is dropped" do
+      output = """
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.11.1 = STRING: "-58"
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.14.1 = STRING: "abc"
+      """
+
+      result = SnmpClient.parse_snmpget_output(output, :af11x)
+      # Quoted integer survives via Integer.parse's "succeed with trailing".
+      assert result.rx_power_0 == -58
+      # Non-numeric string doesn't parse → dropped.
+      refute Map.has_key?(result, :rx_power_1)
+    end
+
+    test "leading-dot OID prefix is normalised before the AF11X lookup" do
+      # `normalize_oid` strips a leading `.` and `iso.` so the fully-
+      # qualified form with a leading dot still matches.
+      output = ".1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.1.1.9.1 = INTEGER: 19\n"
+
+      result = SnmpClient.parse_snmpget_output(output, :af11x)
+      assert result.tx_power == 19
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "parse_af60_output/2 additional edge cases" do
+    test "static-only input yields a map with just the static fields" do
+      static = """
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.11.1.2.5.1 = INTEGER: 41
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.11.1.2.6.1 = INTEGER: 0
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.11.1.1.2.1 = INTEGER: 60160
+      """
+
+      result = SnmpClient.parse_af60_output(static, "")
+      assert result.radio_temp_0_c == 41
+      assert result.link_state == 0
+      assert result.tx_freq_mhz == 60_160
+      # No station data at all.
+      refute Map.has_key?(result, :rx_power_0)
+    end
+
+    test "station-only input (no static) still produces the station fields" do
+      station = """
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.11.1.3.1.3.1.2.3.4.5.6 = INTEGER: -70
+      iso.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.11.1.3.1.4.1.2.3.4.5.6 = INTEGER: 12
+      """
+
+      result = SnmpClient.parse_af60_output("", station)
+      assert result.rx_power_0 == -70
+      assert result.tx_power == 12
+      refute Map.has_key?(result, :radio_temp_0_c)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "parse_snmpget_output/2 property" do
+    # Pick any AF11X integer value and any recognised AF11X OID suffix, render
+    # the canonical `iso.<oid> = INTEGER: <value>` line, and assert the value
+    # round-trips through parse_snmpget_output unmodified.
+    @af11x_oid_to_field %{
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.11.1" => :rx_power_0,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.14.1" => :rx_power_1,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.1.1.9.1" => :tx_power,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.26.1" => :link_state,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.44.1" => :link_uptime,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.1.1.5.1" => :tx_freq_mhz,
+      "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.3.2.1.4.1" => :link_distance_m
+    }
+
+    property "rendered snmpget lines round-trip through parse_snmpget_output" do
+      oids = Map.keys(@af11x_oid_to_field)
+
+      check all(
+              oid <- member_of(oids),
+              value <- integer(-2_000_000..2_000_000)
+            ) do
+        # snmpget's textual form renders `iso.` as the stand-in for `.1`
+        # (OID root `.1`, not `.1.3.6.1`), so we render the OID with the
+        # leading `1.` stripped and a literal `iso.` prefix. The client's
+        # `normalize_oid` puts it back to the dotted numeric form.
+        "1." <> tail = oid
+        line = "iso.#{tail} = INTEGER: #{value}"
+        field = Map.fetch!(@af11x_oid_to_field, oid)
+        result = SnmpClient.parse_snmpget_output(line, :af11x)
+        assert Map.fetch!(result, field) == value
+        # And the OID string we hand-built starts with the UBNT
+        # enterprise prefix.
+        assert String.starts_with?(oid, "1.3.6.1.4.1.41112")
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/space_weather/swpc_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/space_weather/swpc_client_test.exs
index e335bdb2..d0f1c9ab 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/space_weather/swpc_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/space_weather/swpc_client_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 defmodule Microwaveprop.SpaceWeather.SwpcClientTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   alias Microwaveprop.SpaceWeather.SwpcClient
 
@@ -204,5 +205,77 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.SpaceWeather.SwpcClientTest do
       assert {:error, :not_a_list} = SwpcClient.parse_f107(~s({"not":"list"}))
       assert {:error, :not_a_list} = SwpcClient.parse_xrays(~s({"not":"list"}))
     end
+
+    test "parse_kp returns {:ok, []} for an empty JSON array" do
+      assert {:ok, []} = SwpcClient.parse_kp("[]")
+    end
+
+    test "parse_f107 returns {:ok, []} for an empty JSON array" do
+      assert {:ok, []} = SwpcClient.parse_f107("[]")
+    end
+
+    test "parse_xrays returns {:ok, []} for an empty JSON array" do
+      assert {:ok, []} = SwpcClient.parse_xrays("[]")
+    end
+
+    test "parse_* reject bare non-list non-string inputs" do
+      assert {:error, :not_a_list} = SwpcClient.parse_kp(nil)
+      assert {:error, :not_a_list} = SwpcClient.parse_kp(123)
+      assert {:error, :not_a_list} = SwpcClient.parse_f107(:an_atom)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "parse_* totality property" do
+    property "parse_kp/1 never raises on arbitrary printable strings" do
+      # Malformed JSON must surface as a tagged {:ok, _} / {:error, _}
+      # tuple — the caller logs and moves on. A crash would kill the
+      # worker and blow past its retry budget.
+      check all(body <- string(:printable, max_length: 120)) do
+        result = SwpcClient.parse_kp(body)
+        assert match?({:ok, _}, result) or match?({:error, _}, result)
+      end
+    end
+
+    property "parse_xrays/1 never raises on arbitrary printable strings" do
+      check all(body <- string(:printable, max_length: 120)) do
+        result = SwpcClient.parse_xrays(body)
+        assert match?({:ok, _}, result) or match?({:error, _}, result)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "fetch_kp/0 HTTP errors" do
+    test "non-200 surfaces as {:error, 'SWPC HTTP ...'}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(SwpcClient, fn conn ->
+        conn
+        |> Plug.Conn.put_resp_content_type("text/plain")
+        |> Plug.Conn.send_resp(503, "unavailable")
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, reason} = SwpcClient.fetch_kp()
+      assert reason =~ "SWPC HTTP 503"
+    end
+
+    test "transport timeout surfaces as {:error, 'SWPC request failed: ...'}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(SwpcClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, reason} = SwpcClient.fetch_kp()
+      assert reason =~ "SWPC request failed"
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "fetch_f107/0 HTTP errors" do
+    test "404 on the f107 endpoint is surfaced verbatim" do
+      Req.Test.stub(SwpcClient, fn conn ->
+        conn
+        |> Plug.Conn.put_resp_content_type("text/plain")
+        |> Plug.Conn.send_resp(404, "gone")
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, reason} = SwpcClient.fetch_f107()
+      assert reason =~ "SWPC HTTP 404"
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/iem_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/iem_client_test.exs
index f8227883..290e8c1a 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/iem_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/iem_client_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.IemClientTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   alias Microwaveprop.Weather.IemClient
 
@@ -401,5 +402,109 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.IemClientTest do
 
       assert {:error, "IEM IEMRE HTTP 404"} = IemClient.fetch_iemre(32.875, -97.0, ~D[2026-03-28])
     end
+
+    test "bubbles up a transport-level timeout as {:error, %TransportError{}}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(IemClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, reason} = IemClient.fetch_iemre(32.875, -97.0, ~D[2026-03-28])
+      # Req surfaces a %Req.TransportError{reason: :timeout}, not a string.
+      refute is_binary(reason)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "fetch_network/1 transport errors" do
+    test "bubbles a transport timeout up as {:error, _}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(IemClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, _reason} = IemClient.fetch_network("NY_ASOS")
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "fetch_asos/3 transport errors" do
+    test "bubbles a transport timeout up as {:error, _}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(IemClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, _reason} =
+               IemClient.fetch_asos("KDFW", ~U[2026-03-28 16:00:00Z], ~U[2026-03-28 20:00:00Z])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "fetch_raob/2 transport errors" do
+    test "bubbles a transport timeout up as {:error, _}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(IemClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, _reason} = IemClient.fetch_raob("FWD", ~U[2026-03-28 12:00:00Z])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "parse_asos_csv/1 edge cases" do
+    test "returns [] for a CSV with only the header row" do
+      csv = "station,valid,tmpf,dwpf,relh,sknt,drct,mslp,alti,skyc1,p01i,wxcodes\n"
+      assert IemClient.parse_asos_csv(csv) == []
+    end
+
+    test "handles a CSV with trailing newline without crashing" do
+      csv = """
+      station,valid,tmpf,dwpf,relh,sknt,drct,mslp,alti,skyc1,p01i,wxcodes
+      KDFW,2026-03-28 18:53,75.0,55.0,49.12,12,180,1013.2,29.92,SCT,0.03,RA
+
+      """
+
+      rows = IemClient.parse_asos_csv(csv)
+      assert length(rows) == 1
+    end
+
+    test "returns [] for an empty string body" do
+      assert IemClient.parse_asos_csv("") == []
+    end
+
+    test "row with a bogus timestamp keeps observed_at = nil" do
+      csv = """
+      station,valid,tmpf,dwpf,relh,sknt,drct,mslp,alti,skyc1,p01i,wxcodes
+      KDFW,not-a-timestamp,75.0,55.0,49.0,12,180,1013.2,29.92,SCT,0.0,
+      """
+
+      [row] = IemClient.parse_asos_csv(csv)
+      assert row.observed_at == nil
+      # Numeric columns still parse from the positional CSV.
+      assert row.temp_f == 75.0
+    end
+
+    property "never raises for any utf-8 binary input" do
+      check all(body <- string(:printable, max_length: 200)) do
+        # parse_asos_csv must be total — the ingest worker cannot tolerate
+        # a FunctionClauseError on a malformed upstream response.
+        assert is_list(IemClient.parse_asos_csv(body))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "parse_raob_json/1 edge cases" do
+    test "a profile with an unparseable 'valid' timestamp keeps observed_at = nil" do
+      json = %{
+        "profiles" => [
+          %{"station" => "FWD", "valid" => "garbage", "profile" => []}
+        ]
+      }
+
+      [row] = IemClient.parse_raob_json(json)
+      assert row.observed_at == nil
+      assert row.profile == []
+    end
+
+    test "a profile missing the 'profile' key defaults to []" do
+      json = %{"profiles" => [%{"station" => "FWD", "valid" => "2026-03-28 12:00:00+00:00"}]}
+
+      [row] = IemClient.parse_raob_json(json)
+      assert row.profile == []
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/ncei_metar_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/ncei_metar_client_test.exs
index 75d39e3d..29374d27 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/ncei_metar_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/ncei_metar_client_test.exs
@@ -96,6 +96,25 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.NceiMetarClientTest do
       assert obs.altimeter_setting == nil
     end
 
+    test "skips a long line whose date/time header is garbage" do
+      # ≥60 bytes so parse_line/1 doesn't short-circuit on the length guard,
+      # but the date/time fields are non-numeric — parse_datetime/2 returns
+      # :error and the line is dropped.
+      line = String.duplicate("X", 80)
+      assert NceiMetarClient.parse(line) == []
+    end
+
+    test "parse/1 returns [] for a single trailing newline" do
+      assert NceiMetarClient.parse("\n") == []
+    end
+
+    test "parse/1 drops a line that is exactly 60 bytes of padding with an invalid date" do
+      # 5 WBAN + 4 ICAO + 4 FAA + 8 date + 4 hhmm = 25 bytes of header,
+      # 60 bytes total to satisfy the length guard.
+      line = String.duplicate("A", 60)
+      assert NceiMetarClient.parse(line) == []
+    end
+
     test "falls back to the coarse temp/dew pair when no T-group is in the remark" do
       # No T-group → extract_temp_f falls through to the "21/09" field,
       # which gives integer °C temperatures.
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/rtma_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/rtma_client_test.exs
index d8dcae43..81b99d6a 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/rtma_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/rtma_client_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.RtmaClientTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   alias Microwaveprop.Weather.RtmaClient
 
@@ -210,5 +211,55 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.RtmaClientTest do
 
       assert reason =~ "RTMA download HTTP 500"
     end
+
+    test "surfaces a transport timeout on the idx GET as an {:error, _}" do
+      Req.Test.stub(RtmaClient, fn conn ->
+        Req.Test.transport_error(conn, :timeout)
+      end)
+
+      assert {:error, reason} =
+               RtmaClient.fetch_observation(32.9, -97.0, ~U[2026-04-15 18:00:00Z])
+
+      # fetch_idx wraps transport errors into a human-readable string.
+      assert reason =~ "RTMA idx failed"
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "rtma_url/1 round-trip" do
+    property "embeds YYYYMMDD and a zero-padded hour for any valid analysis time" do
+      check all(
+              year <- integer(2020..2030),
+              month <- integer(1..12),
+              day <- integer(1..28),
+              hour <- integer(0..23)
+            ) do
+        dt = %DateTime{
+          year: year,
+          month: month,
+          day: day,
+          hour: hour,
+          minute: 0,
+          second: 0,
+          microsecond: {0, 0},
+          std_offset: 0,
+          utc_offset: 0,
+          zone_abbr: "UTC",
+          time_zone: "Etc/UTC"
+        }
+
+        url = RtmaClient.rtma_url(dt)
+
+        date_str =
+          Integer.to_string(year) <>
+            String.pad_leading(Integer.to_string(month), 2, "0") <>
+            String.pad_leading(Integer.to_string(day), 2, "0")
+
+        hour_str = String.pad_leading(Integer.to_string(hour), 2, "0")
+
+        assert String.contains?(url, "rtma2p5.#{date_str}/")
+        assert String.contains?(url, "rtma2p5.t#{hour_str}z")
+        assert String.ends_with?(url, ".grb2_wexp")
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/beacon_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/beacon_live_test.exs
index 72a5a257..9547a29d 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/beacon_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/beacon_live_test.exs
@@ -329,6 +329,52 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.BeaconLiveTest do
     end
   end
 
+  describe "Show — edge cases on display fields" do
+    test "numeric bearing renders with a degree symbol", %{conn: conn} do
+      # bearing_label/1 is a 3-clause dispatch; numeric values hit the
+      # fallback and produce "NNN°".
+      beacon = approved_beacon_fixture(user_fixture(), bearing: "185")
+      {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/beacons/#{beacon}")
+
+      assert html =~ "185°"
+    end
+
+    test "'Plot path to beacon' link omits tx_power/gain for zero-power beacons",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # baseline_tx_for_eirp/1 has a `power_mw <= 0 -> {nil, nil}`
+      # clause that maybe_put then drops from the URL query string.
+      # Assert neither key appears when power_mw is 0.0.
+      beacon =
+        approved_beacon_fixture(
+          user_fixture(),
+          callsign: "W5ZER",
+          power_mw: 0.0
+        )
+
+      {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/beacons/#{beacon}")
+
+      assert html =~ "destination="
+      refute html =~ "tx_power_dbm="
+      refute html =~ "src_gain_dbi="
+    end
+
+    test "non-admin unauthenticated user clicking 'approve' is rejected with a flash",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # The approve handler is rendered for admins only but the server
+      # still defends the admin check. Simulate a crafted client pushing
+      # the event manually with no scope; the flash branch should fire.
+      pending = beacon_fixture(user_fixture(), callsign: "W5DEF")
+
+      {:ok, view, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/beacons/#{pending}")
+
+      render_click(view, "approve")
+
+      # Still pending — no admin promotion.
+      refute Beacons.get_beacon!(pending.id).approved
+      assert render(view) =~ "Admins only."
+    end
+  end
+
   describe "Show — property: URL beacon id round-trip" do
     property "mounting /beacons/:id for a created beacon always renders its callsign" do
       # Wrap each run in a sandbox checkout so Repo inserts are isolated.
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
index a519837e..989569e5 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
@@ -2304,4 +2304,839 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLiveTest do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "Show failure-state + enrichment-combo render branches" do
+    # Push ContactLive.Show past 85% line coverage by hitting render
+    # branches not driven by the other describe blocks: enrichment
+    # failures (:failed / :unavailable) on every pipeline, the
+    # "HRRR nil + NARR present" fallback rail, radar-only mechanism
+    # when HRRR is absent, sounding-sourced surface refractivity, and
+    # the :solar handle_async branches (success + already-present).
+
+    use ExUnitProperties
+
+    import Microwaveprop.AccountsFixtures
+
+    alias Microwaveprop.Propagation.ScoreCache
+    alias Microwaveprop.Radio.ContactCommonVolumeRadar
+    alias Microwaveprop.Terrain.TerrainProfile
+    alias Microwaveprop.Weather
+    alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrProfile
+    alias Microwaveprop.Weather.SolarIndex
+    alias Microwaveprop.Weather.Sounding
+    alias Microwaveprop.Weather.SurfaceObservation
+
+    setup do
+      ScoreCache.clear()
+      :ok
+    end
+
+    # -- Enrichment failure surfaces ------------------------------------
+
+    test "terrain_status :failed with no terrain row falls back to the no-profile copy",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      contact =
+        create_contact()
+        |> Ecto.Changeset.change(terrain_status: :failed)
+        |> Repo.update!()
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # Neither the queued spinner nor a terrain row renders — the
+      # :failed status lands in the `true ->` catch-all branch of the
+      # terrain empty cond.
+      assert html =~ "No terrain profile available."
+      refute html =~ "Computing terrain profile"
+    end
+
+    test "iemre_status :failed shows the generic 'No IEMRE data' copy", %{conn: conn} do
+      # :failed is not :queued and not :unavailable — the iemre empty
+      # case hits the `_ ->` clause.
+      contact =
+        create_contact()
+        |> Ecto.Changeset.change(iemre_status: :failed)
+        |> Repo.update!()
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "No IEMRE data available."
+      refute html =~ "Fetching IEMRE data"
+    end
+
+    test "weather_status :failed renders the empty surface-obs copy with no spinner",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      contact =
+        create_contact()
+        |> Ecto.Changeset.change(weather_status: :failed)
+        |> Repo.update!()
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # :failed is neither :queued nor :complete, so we land on the
+      # plain "No surface observations found nearby." branch.
+      assert html =~ "No surface observations found nearby."
+    end
+
+    test "hrrr_status :unavailable + no NARR row shows the NARR-fallback spinner",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # HRRR unavailable with NARR still not present — the atmospheric
+      # profile section picks the "HRRR unavailable — fetching NARR
+      # reanalysis" spinner branch.
+      contact =
+        create_contact()
+        |> Ecto.Changeset.change(hrrr_status: :unavailable)
+        |> Repo.update!()
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "HRRR unavailable"
+      assert html =~ "fetching NARR reanalysis"
+    end
+
+    test "NARR fallback with HRRR nil renders atmospheric profile from NARR", %{conn: conn} do
+      # HRRR stays nil; a NARR row at pos1 drives the `@narr` branch
+      # of the atmospheric profile source cond.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          qso_timestamp: ~U[2010-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%NarrProfile{
+        valid_time: ~U[2010-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 850.0, "tmpc" => 14.0, "dwpc" => 10.0, "hght" => 1500.0}],
+        surface_temp_c: 24.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 18.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+        hpbl_m: 1150.0,
+        pwat_mm: 28.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 318.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -55.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # NARR-specific badge text + collapsed summary values.
+      assert html =~ "NARR"
+      # Expanded profile card shows surface scalars.
+      assert html =~ "Surface Temp:"
+      assert html =~ "Surface Dewpoint:"
+    end
+
+    test "radar row without HRRR still renders the mechanism block and radar summary",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # No HRRR profile seeded — mechanism classifier runs with
+      # duct_either_endpoint=false, coverage_pct drives the final
+      # label. The render path exercises the radar block guard
+      # (`@radar` non-nil) independently of HRRR.
+      contact = create_contact(%{band: Decimal.new("10000"), distance_km: Decimal.new("150")})
+
+      Repo.insert!(%ContactCommonVolumeRadar{
+        contact_id: contact.id,
+        observed_at: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        common_volume_km2: 14_000.0,
+        pixel_count: 900,
+        rain_pixel_count: 60,
+        heavy_rain_pixel_count: 8,
+        max_dbz: 38.0,
+        mean_dbz: 19.0,
+        coverage_pct: 6.0
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "Propagation Mechanism"
+      assert html =~ "38.0 dBZ"
+      assert html =~ "Heavy-rain pixels: 8"
+      assert html =~ "Radar coverage: 6%"
+    end
+
+    # -- :solar handle_async branches ----------------------------------
+
+    test "solar handle_async populates Solar Conditions with real SFI/Ap/Kp", %{conn: conn} do
+      # Pre-seed a SolarIndex row so load_solar/1 returns it; the async
+      # clause keeps it and the render branch prints SFI + sunspot + Ap
+      # + formatted Kp values.
+      contact = create_contact(%{qso_timestamp: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z]})
+
+      Repo.insert!(%SolarIndex{
+        date: ~D[2026-03-28],
+        sfi: 142.0,
+        sunspot_number: 98,
+        ap_index: 6,
+        kp_values: [1.0, 2.0, 2.7, 3.0, 1.3, 0.7, 1.0, 1.3]
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "Solar Conditions"
+      assert html =~ "142"
+      assert html =~ "98"
+      # Kp values render comma-joined via format_kp.
+      assert html =~ "2.7"
+    end
+
+    test "solar handle_async for a missing date in an internal subnet enqueues a fetch",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # No SolarIndex row exists for the QSO date, remote_ip sits
+      # inside the 172.56.0.0/13 enqueue subnet → enqueue_missing_solar
+      # fires and @solar stays nil in the LV assigns.
+      contact = create_contact(%{qso_timestamp: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z]})
+      conn = %{conn | remote_ip: {172, 56, 0, 50}}
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assigns = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns
+      assert assigns.solar == nil
+      # The LV stays alive after enqueueing.
+      assert Process.alive?(lv.pid)
+    end
+
+    # -- compute_elevation_profile from sounding refractivity ----------
+
+    test "soundings-array is rendered alongside HRRR profile when both are present",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # Sounding with surface_refractivity and ducting flags should
+      # appear in the Soundings section; the duct carries into
+      # extract_sounding_ducts when HRRR ducts are empty.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      # HRRR profile without any duct characteristics.
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 12.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 1100.0,
+        pwat_mm: 24.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 20.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 12.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 322.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -90.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, raob_station} =
+        Weather.find_or_create_station(%{
+          station_code: "KFWD",
+          station_type: "sounding",
+          name: "Fort Worth",
+          lat: 32.83,
+          lon: -97.30
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(
+        Sounding.changeset(%Sounding{}, %{
+          station_id: raob_station.id,
+          observed_at: ~U[2026-03-28 12:00:00Z],
+          profile: [
+            %{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 22.0, "dwpc" => 18.0, "hght" => 100.0},
+            %{"pres" => 950.0, "tmpc" => 24.0, "dwpc" => 5.0, "hght" => 600.0}
+          ],
+          level_count: 2,
+          surface_temp_c: 22.0,
+          surface_dewpoint_c: 18.0,
+          surface_refractivity: 345.0,
+          ducting_detected: true,
+          duct_characteristics: [%{"base" => 100.0, "top" => 400.0, "strength" => 8.0}]
+        })
+      )
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # HRRR still drives the atmospheric profile badge, but the
+      # sounding row lands with its own surface refractivity value.
+      assert html =~ "HRRR"
+      assert html =~ "KFWD"
+      # Sounding N=345 is surfaced by the sounding row (format_number → 345.0)
+      assert html =~ "345"
+    end
+
+    # -- blocked_message with nil obs_dist via terrain-only cascade ----
+
+    test "BLOCKED terrain without an elevation profile uses the generic obstructed copy",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # No elevation profile hydrated (ElevationClient stub returns []),
+      # so obs_dist stays nil → blocked_message(nil, contact) fires.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 10.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 1200.0,
+        pwat_mm: 22.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 20.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 10.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1010.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 320.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -50.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%TerrainProfile{
+        contact_id: contact.id,
+        sample_count: 100,
+        path_points: [%{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0, "dist_km" => 0.0, "elev" => 200.0}],
+        max_elevation_m: 800.0,
+        min_clearance_m: -10.0,
+        diffraction_db: 10.0,
+        fresnel_hit_count: 1,
+        obstructed_count: 1,
+        verdict: "BLOCKED"
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # blocked_message(nil, _) = "Path is terrain-obstructed."
+      assert html =~ "Path is terrain-obstructed"
+    end
+
+    # -- describe_verdict cascade via elevation_profile, not terrain ----
+
+    test "FRESNEL_MINOR verdict via elevation profile drives the describe-verdict branch",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # With the SRTM stub populated, compute_elevation_profile returns
+      # a real analysis whose verdict (CLEAR/FRESNEL_*/BLOCKED) drives
+      # describe_verdict in terrain_summary. We assert the analysis
+      # result makes it into the rendered summary.
+      Req.Test.stub(ElevationClient, fn conn ->
+        if conn.host == "api.open-meteo.com" do
+          # Flat 250m profile — ensures CLEAR verdict, feeds
+          # describe_verdict("CLEAR", …) via the elevation_profile.
+          Req.Test.json(conn, %{"elevation" => List.duplicate(250.0, 257)})
+        else
+          Req.Test.json(conn, [])
+        end
+      end)
+
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%TerrainProfile{
+        contact_id: contact.id,
+        sample_count: 100,
+        path_points: [%{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0, "dist_km" => 0.0, "elev" => 250.0}],
+        max_elevation_m: 260.0,
+        min_clearance_m: 30.0,
+        diffraction_db: 0.0,
+        fresnel_hit_count: 0,
+        obstructed_count: 0,
+        verdict: "CLEAR"
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      # Elevation profile populated from the stub: verdict drives the
+      # terrain_summary line (not terrain.verdict directly).
+      ep = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.elevation_profile
+      # When the stub propagates (see existing "elevation profile
+      # hydrates when the SRTM stub returns a populated path" test),
+      # ep is a map with :verdict; otherwise skip the assertion and
+      # simply check the LV rendered without crashing.
+      if ep do
+        assert is_binary(ep.verdict)
+      end
+
+      assert render(lv) =~ "Propagation Mechanism"
+    end
+
+    # -- band_summary/2 branches ---------------------------------------
+
+    test "2304 MHz band with elevated PWAT hits the 10 GHz band_summary branch",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # band_summary/2 clause for band_mhz <= 12_000 + pwat > 20.
+      # 2304 MHz qualifies (<= 12_000) so the 10 GHz moisture copy
+      # appears in the propagation analysis summary.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          band: Decimal.new("2304"),
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 22.0, "dwpc" => 18.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 1100.0,
+        pwat_mm: 32.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 22.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 18.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 345.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -90.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "At 10 GHz, the elevated moisture"
+    end
+
+    test "47 GHz band with elevated PWAT hits the 24G-and-up absorption copy",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # band_mhz >= 24_000 clause — pwat > 25 triggers the absorption
+      # summary line.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          band: Decimal.new("47000"),
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 15.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 1200.0,
+        pwat_mm: 30.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 20.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 15.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 330.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -60.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "high moisture"
+      assert html =~ "water vapor absorption"
+    end
+
+    test "144 MHz band falls through every band_summary clause (no moisture copy)",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # 144 MHz is <= 12_000 but has low PWAT → both band_summary
+      # clauses return nil, so the propagation analysis summary is
+      # built from terrain + mechanism only.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          band: Decimal.new("144"),
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 10.0, "dwpc" => -5.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 800.0,
+        pwat_mm: 8.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 10.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: -5.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1015.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 290.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -30.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+      # No "10 GHz" or "GHz high moisture" narrative surfaces.
+      refute html =~ "At 10 GHz, the elevated moisture"
+      refute html =~ "water vapor absorption"
+      # Band label renders in MHz for 144.
+      assert html =~ "144 MHz"
+    end
+
+    test "1296 MHz band renders through the analysis without 10 GHz copy",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # 1296 MHz is <= 12_000 but low PWAT → no moisture narrative.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          band: Decimal.new("1296"),
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 10.0, "dwpc" => 0.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 800.0,
+        pwat_mm: 10.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 10.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: 0.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1015.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 300.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -40.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "1296 MHz"
+      refute html =~ "At 10 GHz, the elevated moisture"
+    end
+
+    test "75 GHz + low PWAT skips the moisture narrative", %{conn: conn} do
+      # 75G >= 24_000 so enters that clause, but PWAT < 25 → nil.
+      contact =
+        create_contact(%{
+          band: Decimal.new("75000"),
+          pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+          pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+        })
+
+      Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+        valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+        lat: 32.9,
+        lon: -97.0,
+        profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 5.0, "dwpc" => -15.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+        hpbl_m: 700.0,
+        pwat_mm: 5.0,
+        surface_temp_c: 5.0,
+        surface_dewpoint_c: -15.0,
+        surface_pressure_mb: 1020.0,
+        surface_refractivity: 280.0,
+        min_refractivity_gradient: -30.0,
+        ducting_detected: false
+      })
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      html = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assert html =~ "75 GHz"
+      refute html =~ "water vapor absorption"
+    end
+
+    # -- admin/owner edit paths --------------------------------------
+
+    test "admin edit with proposed == %{} (no-op submit) surfaces 'No changes detected'",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # Admin submits the exact current values (no drift) — the
+      # apply_admin_edit `proposed == %{}` branch fires explicitly.
+      contact = create_contact()
+      admin = user_fixture() |> Ecto.Changeset.change(is_admin: true) |> Repo.update!()
+      conn = log_in_user(conn, admin)
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_edit", %{})
+
+      html =
+        render_submit(lv, "submit_edit", %{
+          "edit" => %{
+            "station1" => contact.station1,
+            "station2" => contact.station2,
+            "grid1" => contact.grid1,
+            "grid2" => contact.grid2,
+            "mode" => contact.mode,
+            "band" => Decimal.to_string(contact.band)
+          }
+        })
+
+      assert html =~ "No changes detected"
+    end
+
+    test "admin edit changing mode to FT8 applies the update", %{conn: conn} do
+      contact = create_contact(%{mode: "CW"})
+      admin = user_fixture() |> Ecto.Changeset.change(is_admin: true) |> Repo.update!()
+      conn = log_in_user(conn, admin)
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_edit", %{})
+
+      html =
+        render_submit(lv, "submit_edit", %{
+          "edit" => %{
+            "station1" => contact.station1,
+            "station2" => contact.station2,
+            "grid1" => contact.grid1,
+            "grid2" => contact.grid2,
+            "mode" => "FT8"
+          }
+        })
+
+      assert html =~ "Contact updated"
+      assert Repo.get!(Contact, contact.id).mode == "FT8"
+    end
+
+    test "admin edit changing mode to SSB applies the update", %{conn: conn} do
+      contact = create_contact(%{mode: "CW"})
+      admin = user_fixture() |> Ecto.Changeset.change(is_admin: true) |> Repo.update!()
+      conn = log_in_user(conn, admin)
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_edit", %{})
+
+      _html =
+        render_submit(lv, "submit_edit", %{
+          "edit" => %{
+            "station1" => contact.station1,
+            "station2" => contact.station2,
+            "grid1" => contact.grid1,
+            "grid2" => contact.grid2,
+            "mode" => "SSB"
+          }
+        })
+
+      assert Repo.get!(Contact, contact.id).mode == "SSB"
+    end
+
+    # -- Obs-table sort handler: sort_observations over real rows ----
+
+    test "sort handler returns a sorted list of the same length for a seeded obs set",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # Drive sort_observations via the "sort" event across every known
+      # field. With four obs rows in the DB the sorted list length must
+      # stay stable and the section header must not disappear.
+      contact = create_contact(%{qso_timestamp: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z]})
+
+      for code <- ~w(KDFW KDAL KAFW KGKY) do
+        {:ok, station} =
+          Weather.find_or_create_station(%{
+            station_code: code,
+            station_type: "asos",
+            name: "#{code} Airport",
+            lat: 32.9,
+            lon: -97.02
+          })
+
+        Repo.insert!(
+          SurfaceObservation.changeset(%SurfaceObservation{}, %{
+            station_id: station.id,
+            observed_at: contact.qso_timestamp,
+            temp_f: 60.0 + :rand.uniform() * 20,
+            dewpoint_f: 40.0 + :rand.uniform() * 20,
+            relative_humidity: 50.0,
+            sea_level_pressure_mb: 1014.0
+          })
+        )
+      end
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      before = length(:sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.surface_observations)
+
+      for f <-
+            ~w(station_name observed_at temp_f dewpoint_f relative_humidity sea_level_pressure_mb bogus_key) do
+        html = render_click(lv, "sort", %{"field" => f, "table" => "obs"})
+        assert html =~ "Surface Observations"
+
+        after_count = length(:sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.surface_observations)
+        assert after_count == before, "row count changed after sorting by #{f}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # -- Queue counts + solar enqueue + pending_edit branches ---------
+
+    test "fetch_queue_counts returns a map after seeding multiple distinct queues",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # Insert one job per queue — fetch_queue_counts groups by queue
+      # and returns counts. The cache layer runs through fetch_or_store
+      # (5s TTL) so we only assert map-shape + presence of known keys.
+      alias Microwaveprop.Workers.SolarIndexWorker
+      alias Microwaveprop.Workers.TerrainProfileWorker
+
+      contact = create_contact()
+
+      {:ok, _} =
+        Oban.insert(SolarIndexWorker.new(%{"date" => Date.to_iso8601(~D[2026-03-28])}))
+
+      {:ok, _} =
+        Oban.insert(TerrainProfileWorker.new(%{"contact_id" => contact.id}))
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      counts = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.queue_counts
+
+      assert is_map(counts)
+      # Counts map is populated (the cache may hold an earlier empty
+      # read — the shape is what's under test here).
+      for {k, v} <- counts do
+        assert is_binary(k)
+        assert is_integer(v) and v >= 0
+      end
+    end
+
+    test "LV stays alive after render_async completes with no DB rows at all",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # A bare contact with no enrichment rows runs every hydration
+      # task to completion, landing in the "default" branches of each
+      # handle_async clause (empty hrrr_path, nil narr, nil terrain,
+      # nil iemre, {nil, :unknown} radar). render_async must return
+      # without the LV dying.
+      contact = create_contact()
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+      _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+      assigns = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns
+      assert Process.alive?(lv.pid)
+      assert MapSet.size(assigns.hydration_pending) == 0
+    end
+
+    # -- propagation_mechanism exhaustiveness property ----------------
+
+    property "propagation_mechanism-derived summary stays a binary across random flag combos",
+             %{conn: conn} do
+      # Property: regardless of which combination of ducting / enhanced
+      # refraction / blocked terrain applies, the propagation analysis
+      # summary renders and the @propagation_analysis.summary stored in
+      # socket.assigns is a string. This pins down propagation_mechanism
+      # returning either a binary or nil (rejected by Enum.reject/2 in
+      # build_summary), never a crash.
+
+      bool_gen = StreamData.boolean()
+
+      check all(
+              ducting? <- bool_gen,
+              enhanced? <- bool_gen,
+              blocked? <- bool_gen,
+              long_path? <- bool_gen,
+              max_runs: 10
+            ) do
+        # Encode each flag into the DB row that drives the underlying
+        # predicate (ducting_detected, min_refractivity_gradient,
+        # terrain.verdict, contact.distance_km). The render then walks
+        # blocked_mechanism/clear_path_mechanism down its cascades.
+        dist = if long_path?, do: Decimal.new("200"), else: Decimal.new("50")
+
+        # Per-iteration unique lat + valid_time so rows inserted by
+        # earlier iterations don't collide on the hrrr_profiles
+        # (lat, lon, valid_time) unique index. StreamData shrinks
+        # toward degenerate values; System.unique_integer/1 guarantees
+        # monotonically-advancing uniqueness across the whole run.
+        nonce = System.unique_integer([:positive])
+        lat1 = 32.0 + nonce / 1_000_000
+        iter_valid_time = DateTime.add(~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z], nonce, :second)
+
+        contact =
+          create_contact(%{
+            band: Decimal.new("10000"),
+            qso_timestamp: iter_valid_time,
+            pos1: %{"lat" => lat1, "lon" => -97.0},
+            pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7},
+            distance_km: dist
+          })
+
+        Repo.insert!(%HrrrProfile{
+          valid_time: contact.qso_timestamp,
+          lat: lat1,
+          lon: -97.0,
+          profile: [%{"pres" => 1000.0, "tmpc" => 20.0, "dwpc" => 12.0, "hght" => 100.0}],
+          hpbl_m: 1200.0,
+          pwat_mm: 22.0,
+          surface_temp_c: 20.0,
+          surface_dewpoint_c: 12.0,
+          surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+          surface_refractivity: 320.0,
+          min_refractivity_gradient: if(enhanced?, do: -150.0, else: -40.0),
+          ducting_detected: ducting?
+        })
+
+        Repo.insert!(%TerrainProfile{
+          contact_id: contact.id,
+          sample_count: 100,
+          path_points: [%{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0, "dist_km" => 0.0, "elev" => 200.0}],
+          max_elevation_m: if(blocked?, do: 800.0, else: 400.0),
+          min_clearance_m: if(blocked?, do: -20.0, else: 40.0),
+          diffraction_db: if(blocked?, do: 15.0, else: 0.0),
+          fresnel_hit_count: 0,
+          obstructed_count: if(blocked?, do: 2, else: 0),
+          verdict: if(blocked?, do: "BLOCKED", else: "CLEAR")
+        })
+
+        {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+        _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+        analysis = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.propagation_analysis
+        assert is_map(analysis)
+        assert is_binary(analysis.summary)
+        # details is a list of strings (or empty) — no nils slipped through.
+        assert is_list(analysis.details)
+        assert Enum.all?(analysis.details, &is_binary/1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # -- obs_sort_key totality property -----------------------------
+
+    property "sort-observations handler keeps the assign as a list of stable length",
+             %{conn: conn} do
+      # For any sequence of known or unknown sort-field strings, the
+      # resulting surface_observations assign is a list whose length
+      # matches the initial count. Covers obs_sort_key's fall-through
+      # clause on any atom/string the caller throws at it.
+      contact = create_contact(%{qso_timestamp: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z]})
+
+      {:ok, station} =
+        Weather.find_or_create_station(%{
+          station_code: "KDFW",
+          station_type: "asos",
+          name: "DFW Airport",
+          lat: 32.9,
+          lon: -97.02
+        })
+
+      for i <- 1..3 do
+        Repo.insert!(
+          SurfaceObservation.changeset(%SurfaceObservation{}, %{
+            station_id: station.id,
+            observed_at: DateTime.add(contact.qso_timestamp, i * 60, :second),
+            temp_f: 60.0 + i,
+            dewpoint_f: 45.0 + i,
+            relative_humidity: 55.0,
+            sea_level_pressure_mb: 1014.0
+          })
+        )
+      end
+
+      # Any ASCII string (known or not) is a valid sort-field. The
+      # handler must never crash the LV and must preserve row count.
+      gen_field =
+        StreamData.one_of([
+          StreamData.member_of(~w(station_name observed_at temp_f dewpoint_f relative_humidity sea_level_pressure_mb)),
+          StreamData.string(:alphanumeric, min_length: 1, max_length: 8)
+        ])
+
+      check all(fields <- StreamData.list_of(gen_field, min_length: 1, max_length: 5), max_runs: 10) do
+        {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+        _ = render_async(lv, 2_000)
+
+        baseline = length(:sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.surface_observations)
+
+        for f <- fields do
+          render_click(lv, "sort", %{"field" => f, "table" => "obs"})
+          obs = :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.surface_observations
+          assert is_list(obs)
+          assert length(obs) == baseline, "sorting by #{inspect(f)} changed row count"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/eme_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/eme_live_test.exs
index 9f968737..d7eedaf0 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/eme_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/eme_live_test.exs
@@ -1,8 +1,23 @@
 defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.EmeLiveTest do
   use MicrowavepropWeb.ConnCase, async: true
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   import Phoenix.LiveViewTest
 
+  alias Microwaveprop.Propagation.BandConfig
+
+  setup do
+    # CallsignClient.locate/1 falls through to Qrz.Client for any input
+    # that isn't a grid or coord pair. Stub the QRZ HTTP plug so the
+    # "unknown callsign" path returns a deterministic error instead of
+    # raising about a missing stub.
+    Req.Test.stub(Microwaveprop.Qrz.Client, fn conn ->
+      Plug.Conn.send_resp(conn, 404, "not found")
+    end)
+
+    :ok
+  end
+
   describe "GET /eme" do
     test "renders the empty form when no source is supplied", %{conn: conn} do
       {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme")
@@ -55,6 +70,54 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.EmeLiveTest do
       assert html =~ "-97.0"
     end
 
+    test "invalid Maidenhead grid surfaces a validation error", %{conn: conn} do
+      # A 4-char prefix that passes the loose regex but trips
+      # Maidenhead.to_latlon's strict validator (subsquare "ZZ" isn't A-X).
+      {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=EM12ZZ")
+
+      assert html =~ "Invalid Maidenhead grid"
+      refute html =~ "Antenna aim"
+    end
+
+    test "unknown callsign input surfaces a 'Could not find' error", %{conn: conn} do
+      # A random string that's neither a coord nor a maidenhead grid falls
+      # into the CallsignClient.locate path. The test DB has no cached
+      # entry and the real QRZ API is unreachable in tests → error branch.
+      {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=NOSUCHCALL")
+
+      assert html =~ "Could not find"
+      refute html =~ "Antenna aim"
+    end
+
+    test "empty source renders the 'enter callsign or grid' empty-state message",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=&band=1296")
+
+      assert html =~ "Enter your callsign or grid"
+      refute html =~ "Antenna aim"
+    end
+
+    test "typing into form emits the WebGL globe hook state via push_event",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # Initial render: empty source, no eme:update. Triggering a form
+      # change with a valid grid should both patch the URL and push the
+      # eme:update payload to the hook.
+      {:ok, view, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme")
+
+      render_change(
+        form(view, "form",
+          source: "EM13",
+          band: "1296",
+          tx_power_dbm: "50",
+          tx_gain_dbi: "30",
+          bandwidth_hz: "100",
+          t_sys_k: "150"
+        )
+      )
+
+      assert_push_event(view, "eme:update", %{lat: _, lon: _, az: _, el: _})
+    end
+
     test "renders the Earth–Moon geometry WebGL hook with initial station geometry", %{conn: conn} do
       {:ok, _view, html} = live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=EM13&band=1296")
 
@@ -71,4 +134,51 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.EmeLiveTest do
       assert html =~ ~s(data-moon-el=")
     end
   end
+
+  describe "property: form validation across valid/invalid source inputs" do
+    property "valid inputs render an Antenna aim readout, invalid inputs render a validation error" do
+      bands = Enum.map(BandConfig.band_options(), fn {_label, value} -> value end)
+
+      # A valid-input sample is a Maidenhead grid + any configured band;
+      # an invalid-input sample is a non-grid/non-callsign string that
+      # neither resolves as coords nor passes the maidenhead prefix
+      # regex. Both categories are exercised in the same property.
+      valid_source_gen =
+        StreamData.member_of(["EM13", "FM19", "EN00", "DM04", "FN31", "CM87", "EL09"])
+
+      invalid_source_gen =
+        StreamData.member_of(["ZZ99", "ZZ00", "Z1", "@@@@", "ZZZZZZ"])
+
+      check all(
+              band <- StreamData.member_of(bands),
+              valid_source <- valid_source_gen,
+              invalid_source <- invalid_source_gen,
+              max_runs: 10
+            ) do
+        conn = Phoenix.ConnTest.build_conn()
+
+        {:ok, _valid_view, valid_html} =
+          live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=#{valid_source}&band=#{band}")
+
+        assert valid_html =~ "Antenna aim", """
+        Expected a valid input to produce an Antenna aim readout.
+        source=#{inspect(valid_source)} band=#{band}
+        """
+
+        {:ok, _invalid_view, invalid_html} =
+          live(conn, ~p"/eme?source=#{invalid_source}&band=#{band}")
+
+        # Either the loose maidenhead regex catches it (invalid grid
+        # error) or it falls through to callsign lookup (not found).
+        assert invalid_html =~ "Invalid Maidenhead grid" or
+                 invalid_html =~ "Could not find",
+               """
+               Expected an invalid input to produce a validation error.
+               source=#{inspect(invalid_source)} band=#{band}
+               """
+
+        refute invalid_html =~ "Antenna aim"
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/map_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/map_live_test.exs
index 53839e01..909d2bb5 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/map_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/map_live_test.exs
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.MapLiveTest do
   use MicrowavepropWeb.ConnCase, async: false
+  use ExUnitProperties
 
   import Phoenix.ConnTest, only: [get: 2]
   import Phoenix.LiveViewTest
 
   alias Microwaveprop.Propagation
+  alias Microwaveprop.Propagation.BandConfig
   alias Microwaveprop.Propagation.ScoreCache
   alias Phoenix.LiveView.AsyncResult
   alias Phoenix.LiveView.Utils
@@ -143,6 +145,45 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.MapLiveTest do
 
       assert html =~ "24 GHz"
     end
+
+    test "patches the URL with the newly-selected band", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+      render_click(lv, "select_band", %{"value" => 47_000})
+
+      url = assert_patch(lv)
+      assert url =~ "band=47000"
+    end
+
+    test "select_band pushes update_scores to the client for the new band", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+      # Drain any async initial push_event before asserting on the
+      # band-switch one.
+      _ = render(lv)
+
+      render_click(lv, "select_band", %{"value" => 24_000})
+
+      assert_push_event(lv, "update_scores", %{scores: _scores})
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "property: select_band patches the URL for every configured band" do
+    property "each configured band patches to a URL containing band=<mhz>" do
+      bands = Enum.map(BandConfig.band_options(), fn {_l, v} -> String.to_integer(v) end)
+
+      check all(band <- StreamData.member_of(bands), max_runs: 8) do
+        conn = Phoenix.ConnTest.build_conn()
+        {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+        render_click(lv, "select_band", %{"value" => band})
+
+        url = assert_patch(lv)
+
+        assert url =~ "band=#{band}",
+               "expected /map patch URL to contain band=#{band}, got #{inspect(url)}"
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe "compute_viewshed" do
@@ -179,6 +220,29 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.MapLiveTest do
       render_click(lv, "toggle_radar")
       refute :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.radar_visible
     end
+
+    test "pushes toggle_radar to the client with the new visibility", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_radar")
+
+      assert_push_event(lv, "toggle_radar", %{visible: true})
+
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_radar")
+      assert_push_event(lv, "toggle_radar", %{visible: false})
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "toggle_grid event payload" do
+    test "pushes toggle_grid to the client with the new visibility", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_grid")
+      assert_push_event(lv, "toggle_grid", %{visible: true})
+
+      render_click(lv, "toggle_grid")
+      assert_push_event(lv, "toggle_grid", %{visible: false})
+    end
   end
 
   describe "select_time / set_selected_time" do
@@ -202,6 +266,38 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.MapLiveTest do
       render_click(lv, "select_time", %{"time" => "2026-04-21T22:00:00Z"})
       assert Process.alive?(lv.pid)
     end
+
+    test "select_time with a malformed ISO string is a no-op (no crash)", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+      render_click(lv, "select_time", %{"time" => "definitely-not-a-time"})
+      assert Process.alive?(lv.pid)
+    end
+
+    test "set_selected_time with a malformed ISO string is a no-op (no crash)", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+      render_hook(lv, "set_selected_time", %{"time" => "definitely-not-a-time"})
+      assert Process.alive?(lv.pid)
+    end
+
+    test "select_time with valid iso updates selected_time assign", %{conn: conn} do
+      valid_time =
+        DateTime.utc_now()
+        |> DateTime.truncate(:second)
+        |> Map.put(:minute, 0)
+        |> Map.put(:second, 0)
+
+      Propagation.replace_scores(
+        [%{lat: 33.0, lon: -97.0, valid_time: valid_time, band_mhz: 10_000, score: 55, factors: nil}],
+        valid_time
+      )
+
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/map")
+
+      iso = DateTime.to_iso8601(valid_time)
+      render_click(lv, "select_time", %{"time" => iso})
+
+      assert :sys.get_state(lv.pid).socket.assigns.selected_time == valid_time
+    end
   end
 
   describe "point_detail" do
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/path_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/path_live_test.exs
index 3da61c73..2fa09e7c 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/path_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/path_live_test.exs
@@ -302,6 +302,59 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.PathLiveTest do
     end
   end
 
+  describe "compute_path edge cases" do
+    test "identical source and destination renders with Distance 0 km", %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, lv, _html} =
+        live(conn, ~p"/path?source=33.0,-97.0&destination=33.0,-97.0&band=10000")
+
+      html = render(lv)
+      assert html =~ "Link Summary"
+      assert html =~ "Distance"
+      # Haversine of identical points is exactly 0 — distance_km formats
+      # small distances with one decimal place ("0.0 km").
+      assert html =~ ~r/0\.0 km/
+    end
+
+    test "long path > 3000 km still renders a result without crashing", %{conn: conn} do
+      # New York City → Los Angeles (~3940 km). The path calculator
+      # doesn't filter by distance the way the scoring set does, so the
+      # result panel should build even for coast-to-coast ranges.
+      {:ok, lv, _html} =
+        live(conn, ~p"/path?source=40.7,-74.0&destination=34.0,-118.0&band=10000")
+
+      html = render(lv)
+      assert html =~ "Link Summary"
+      assert html =~ "Distance"
+      # Somewhere in the 3000s or 4000s — distance_km renders >10mi
+      # as an integer "NNNN km" rather than decimal.
+      assert html =~ ~r/\d{4} km/
+    end
+
+    test "blank source with a filled destination keeps the empty form (auto_calculate skipped)",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      {:ok, _lv, html} = live(conn, ~p"/path?destination=EM12&band=10000")
+
+      assert html =~ "Path Calculator"
+      refute html =~ "Link Summary"
+    end
+
+    test "My Location GPS fix is echoed back into the source input", %{conn: conn} do
+      # The hook normally emits gps_location after the user clicks the
+      # button. The handler should echo the rounded coords into the
+      # source input AND leave source_is_gps true for the URL.
+      {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/path?source=gps&destination=EM12&band=10000")
+
+      assert_push_event(lv, "request_gps", %{})
+
+      render_hook(lv, "gps_location", %{"lat" => 32.897, "lon" => -97.038})
+      html = render(lv)
+
+      # The input shows the rounded coordinates, not the literal "gps".
+      assert html =~ ~s(value="32.897)
+      assert html =~ "-97.038"
+    end
+  end
+
   describe "property: band round-trip in form" do
     property "for every configured band, submitting the form re-renders with that band selected" do
       # Re-stub the elevation client for each property iteration —
@@ -332,4 +385,38 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.PathLiveTest do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "property: height/power field round-trip through update_form" do
+    property "update_form preserves arbitrary numeric heights and TX power through the render" do
+      check all(
+              src_height <- StreamData.integer(1..300),
+              dst_height <- StreamData.integer(1..300),
+              tx_power <- StreamData.integer(-10..60),
+              max_runs: 10
+            ) do
+        Req.Test.stub(ElevationClient, fn conn ->
+          params = Plug.Conn.fetch_query_params(conn).query_params
+          lat_count = params["latitude"] |> String.split(",") |> length()
+          Req.Test.json(conn, %{"elevation" => List.duplicate(200.0, lat_count)})
+        end)
+
+        conn = Phoenix.ConnTest.build_conn()
+        {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/path")
+
+        html =
+          render_hook(lv, "update_form", %{
+            "source" => "EM13",
+            "destination" => "EM12",
+            "band" => "10000",
+            "src_height_ft" => to_string(src_height),
+            "dst_height_ft" => to_string(dst_height),
+            "tx_power_dbm" => to_string(tx_power)
+          })
+
+        assert html =~ ~s(value="#{src_height}")
+        assert html =~ ~s(value="#{dst_height}")
+        assert html =~ ~s(value="#{tx_power}")
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/user_profile_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/user_profile_live_test.exs
index 2f086be7..b17fa5c5 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/user_profile_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/user_profile_live_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.UserProfileLiveTest do
   use MicrowavepropWeb.ConnCase, async: true
 
+  import Ecto.Query
   import Microwaveprop.AccountsFixtures
   import Microwaveprop.BeaconsFixtures
   import Phoenix.LiveViewTest
@@ -91,5 +92,49 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.UserProfileLiveTest do
       assert html =~ "Pending"
       assert html =~ "Approved"
     end
+
+    test "renders the 'Contacts involving' section with contacts that mention the callsign as a remote station",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # The profile owner (W5ISP) isn't the submitter — another user logged
+      # the contact — but W5ISP shows up as station2. The involving block
+      # should surface that QSO.
+      owner = user_fixture(%{callsign: "W5ISP"})
+      other = user_fixture(%{callsign: "W5OTH"})
+      _mention = contact_for(other, %{station1: "K5TR", station2: "W5ISP"})
+
+      {:ok, _lv, html} = live(conn, ~p"/u/#{owner.callsign}")
+
+      assert html =~ "Contacts W5ISP is in"
+      assert html =~ "K5TR"
+      assert html =~ "W5ISP"
+    end
+
+    test "uses first character of the user's name for the avatar initial when set", %{conn: conn} do
+      _user = user_fixture(%{callsign: "W5ISP", name: "  graham mcintire"})
+
+      {:ok, _lv, html} = live(conn, ~p"/u/W5ISP")
+
+      # initial(%{name: "graham mcintire"}) trims, takes the first char,
+      # and uppercases → "G". Assert on the font-mono span that renders it.
+      assert html =~ ~r/font-mono[^>]*>\s*G\s*</s
+    end
+
+    test "falls back to the callsign's first character when name is an empty string",
+         %{conn: conn} do
+      # initial/1 guards `name != ""` so empty-string names fall through
+      # to the callsign branch. Write the empty string directly via raw
+      # SQL because the User changeset validates_required name.
+      user = user_fixture(%{callsign: "W5ISP"})
+
+      {1, _} =
+        Repo.update_all(
+          from(u in Microwaveprop.Accounts.User, where: u.id == ^user.id),
+          set: [name: ""]
+        )
+
+      {:ok, _lv, html} = live(conn, ~p"/u/W5ISP")
+
+      assert html =~ ~r/font-mono[^>]*>\s*W\s*</s
+    end
   end
 end