diff --git a/assets/js/elevation_profile_hook.js b/assets/js/elevation_profile_hook.js
index e3351ddc..aa5f4753 100644
--- a/assets/js/elevation_profile_hook.js
+++ b/assets/js/elevation_profile_hook.js
@@ -40,7 +40,11 @@ const ductPlugin = {
       const labelY = Math.max(drawTop + 12, top + 12)
       ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.8)"
       ctx.font = "9px sans-serif"
-      ctx.fillText(`Duct ${Math.round(duct.base_ft)}–${Math.round(duct.top_ft)} ft (${duct.strength} M-units)`, left + 4, labelY)
+      const labels = {hrrr: "Duct", sounding: "Duct (sounding)", inferred: "Est. duct"}
+      const units = {hrrr: "M-units", sounding: "M-units", inferred: "dN/dh÷10"}
+      const prefix = labels[duct.source] || "Duct"
+      const unit = units[duct.source] || "M-units"
+      ctx.fillText(`${prefix} ${Math.round(duct.base_ft)}–${Math.round(duct.top_ft)} ft (${duct.strength} ${unit})`, left + 4, labelY)
     }
     ctx.restore()
   }
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@ export const ElevationProfile = {
     const ducts = (data.ducts || []).map(d => ({
       base_ft: d.base_m_msl * M2FT,
       top_ft: d.top_m_msl * M2FT,
-      strength: d.strength
+      strength: d.strength,
+      source: d.source || "hrrr"
     }))
 
     const allElevs = [...elevations, ...losLine]
diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex b/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
index 52daea54..dac0b96c 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
@@ -18,10 +18,11 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
 
     weather = load_weather(contact)
     solar = load_solar(contact)
-    hrrr = Weather.hrrr_for_contact(contact)
+    hrrr_path = Weather.hrrr_profiles_for_path(contact)
+    hrrr = List.first(hrrr_path)
     {hrrr, hrrr_status} = maybe_enqueue_hrrr(hrrr, contact)
     terrain = Terrain.get_terrain_profile(contact.id)
-    elevation_profile = compute_elevation_profile(contact, hrrr)
+    elevation_profile = compute_elevation_profile(contact, hrrr_path, weather.soundings)
 
     {:ok,
      assign(socket,
@@ -133,13 +134,36 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
   defp sounding_sort_key(_), do: fn s -> s.station.name || s.station.station_code end
 
   defp load_weather(contact) do
-    lat = contact.pos1 && contact.pos1["lat"]
-    lon = contact.pos1 && (contact.pos1["lon"] || contact.pos1["lng"])
+    lat1 = contact.pos1 && contact.pos1["lat"]
+    lon1 = contact.pos1 && (contact.pos1["lon"] || contact.pos1["lng"])
+    lat2 = contact.pos2 && contact.pos2["lat"]
+    lon2 = contact.pos2 && (contact.pos2["lon"] || contact.pos2["lng"])
 
-    if lat && lon do
-      Weather.weather_for_contact(%{lat: lat, lon: lon, timestamp: contact.qso_timestamp},
-        radius_km: 300
-      )
+    if lat1 && lon1 do
+      # Search along the path midpoint with radius covering both endpoints
+      mid_lat = if lat2, do: (lat1 + lat2) / 2, else: lat1
+      mid_lon = if lon2, do: (lon1 + lon2) / 2, else: lon1
+      half_dist = if lat2 && lon2, do: haversine_km(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) / 2, else: 0
+      radius = max(50, half_dist + 50)
+
+      weather =
+        Weather.weather_for_contact(
+          %{lat: mid_lat, lon: mid_lon, timestamp: contact.qso_timestamp},
+          radius_km: radius
+        )
+
+      # Keep only the 5 closest stations by distance to path midpoint
+      %{
+        surface_observations:
+          weather.surface_observations
+          |> Enum.sort_by(fn obs ->
+            slat = obs.station.lat
+            slon = obs.station.lon
+            abs(slat - mid_lat) + abs(slon - mid_lon)
+          end)
+          |> Enum.take(5),
+        soundings: weather.soundings
+      }
     else
       %{surface_observations: [], soundings: []}
     end
@@ -203,7 +227,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
             if(@contact.flagged_invalid, do: "btn-warning", else: "btn-ghost")
           ]}>
             <.icon name="hero-flag" class="w-4 h-4" />
-            {if @contact.flagged_invalid, do: "Unflag", else: "Flag Invalid"}
+            {if @contact.flagged_invalid, do: "Unflag", else: "Flag as Invalid"}
           </button>
           <.link navigate={~p"/contacts"} class="btn btn-sm btn-ghost">
             <.icon name="hero-arrow-left" class="w-4 h-4" /> Back to Contacts
@@ -506,33 +530,36 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
       <%= if @surface_observations == [] do %>
         <p class="text-sm text-base-content/50 italic">No surface observations found nearby.</p>
       <% else %>
-        <.table
-          id="surface-obs"
-          rows={@surface_observations}
-          row_id={fn obs -> "obs-#{obs.id}" end}
-          sort_by={@obs_sort_by}
-          sort_order={@obs_sort_order}
-          sort_target="obs"
-        >
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Station" sort_field="station_name">
-            {obs.station.name || obs.station.station_code}
-          </:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Time" sort_field="observed_at">
-            {Calendar.strftime(obs.observed_at, "%H:%M")}
-          </:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Temp (F)" sort_field="temp_f">{obs.temp_f || "—"}</:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Dewpoint (F)" sort_field="dewpoint_f">
-            {obs.dewpoint_f || "—"}
-          </:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="RH%" sort_field="relative_humidity">
-            {format_number(obs.relative_humidity)}
-          </:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Wind">{format_wind(obs)}</:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Pressure (mb)" sort_field="sea_level_pressure_mb">
-            {obs.sea_level_pressure_mb || "—"}
-          </:col>
-          <:col :let={obs} label="Sky">{obs.sky_condition || "—"}</:col>
-        </.table>
+        <div class="overflow-x-auto">
+          <table class="table table-xs table-zebra">
+            <thead>
+              <tr>
+                <th>Station</th>
+                <th>Time</th>
+                <th>Temp</th>
+                <th>Dewpt</th>
+                <th>RH%</th>
+                <th>Wind</th>
+                <th>Pres (mb)</th>
+                <th>Sky</th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody>
+              <%= for obs <- @surface_observations do %>
+                <tr>
+                  <td>{obs.station.name || obs.station.station_code}</td>
+                  <td>{Calendar.strftime(obs.observed_at, "%H:%M")}</td>
+                  <td>{obs.temp_f || "—"}</td>
+                  <td>{obs.dewpoint_f || "—"}</td>
+                  <td>{format_number(obs.relative_humidity)}</td>
+                  <td>{format_wind(obs)}</td>
+                  <td>{obs.sea_level_pressure_mb || "—"}</td>
+                  <td>{obs.sky_condition || "—"}</td>
+                </tr>
+              <% end %>
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        </div>
       <% end %>
     </Layouts.app>
     """
@@ -588,7 +615,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
   defp terrain_verdict_class("BLOCKED"), do: "badge-error"
   defp terrain_verdict_class(_), do: "badge-ghost"
 
-  defp compute_elevation_profile(contact, hrrr) do
+  defp compute_elevation_profile(contact, hrrr_path, soundings) do
     with %{"lat" => lat1} <- contact.pos1,
          lon1 when is_number(lon1) <- contact.pos1["lon"] || contact.pos1["lng"],
          %{"lat" => lat2} <- contact.pos2,
@@ -612,7 +639,12 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
           p -> p.dist_km
         end
 
-      ducts = extract_ducts(hrrr, tx_elev)
+      ducts =
+        hrrr_path
+        |> extract_ducts(soundings, tx_elev)
+        |> merge_nearby_ducts()
+        |> Enum.sort_by(& &1.strength, :desc)
+        |> Enum.take(3)
 
       %{
         points:
@@ -634,24 +666,125 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
     end
   end
 
-  defp extract_ducts(nil, _surface_elev), do: []
+  # Extract duct layers from best available source across all HRRR path profiles:
+  # 1. HRRR explicit ducts (M-profile detected) from any path point
+  # 2. Sounding explicit ducts (high vertical resolution, most reliable)
+  # 3. Inferred from strongest HRRR refractivity gradient along path
+  defp extract_ducts(hrrr_path, soundings, surface_elev) do
+    hrrr_ducts = extract_hrrr_ducts(hrrr_path, surface_elev)
 
-  defp extract_ducts(hrrr, surface_elev) do
-    case hrrr.duct_characteristics do
-      ducts when is_list(ducts) and ducts != [] ->
-        Enum.map(ducts, fn d ->
-          %{
-            base_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["base"] || 0),
-            top_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["top"] || 0),
-            strength: d["strength"]
-          }
-        end)
+    if hrrr_ducts != [] do
+      hrrr_ducts
+    else
+      sounding_ducts = extract_sounding_ducts(soundings, surface_elev)
 
-      _ ->
-        []
+      if sounding_ducts != [] do
+        sounding_ducts
+      else
+        # Use the profile with the strongest (most negative) gradient
+        best =
+          hrrr_path
+          |> Enum.filter(&is_number(&1.min_refractivity_gradient))
+          |> Enum.min_by(& &1.min_refractivity_gradient, fn -> nil end)
+
+        infer_duct_from_gradient(best, surface_elev)
+      end
     end
   end
 
+  defp extract_hrrr_ducts(hrrr_path, surface_elev) when is_list(hrrr_path) do
+    hrrr_path
+    |> Enum.flat_map(fn h ->
+      case h.duct_characteristics do
+        ducts when is_list(ducts) and ducts != [] ->
+          Enum.map(ducts, fn d ->
+            %{
+              base_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["base"] || 0),
+              top_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["top"] || 0),
+              strength: d["strength"],
+              source: "hrrr"
+            }
+          end)
+
+        _ ->
+          []
+      end
+    end)
+    |> Enum.uniq_by(fn d -> {round(d.base_m_msl), round(d.top_m_msl)} end)
+  end
+
+  defp extract_sounding_ducts(soundings, surface_elev) when is_list(soundings) do
+    soundings
+    |> Enum.filter(& &1.ducting_detected)
+    |> Enum.flat_map(fn s ->
+      case s.duct_characteristics do
+        ducts when is_list(ducts) and ducts != [] ->
+          Enum.map(ducts, fn d ->
+            %{
+              base_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["base"] || 0),
+              top_m_msl: surface_elev + (d["top"] || 0),
+              strength: d["strength"],
+              source: "sounding"
+            }
+          end)
+
+        _ ->
+          []
+      end
+    end)
+    |> Enum.uniq_by(fn d -> {round(d.base_m_msl), round(d.top_m_msl)} end)
+  end
+
+  defp extract_sounding_ducts(_, _), do: []
+
+  # HRRR pressure levels are too coarse (~250m) to detect thin ducting layers
+  # via the M-profile method. When min_refractivity_gradient indicates enhanced
+  # propagation, infer a duct layer within the boundary layer.
+  defp infer_duct_from_gradient(nil, _surface_elev), do: []
+
+  defp infer_duct_from_gradient(hrrr, surface_elev) do
+    grad = hrrr.min_refractivity_gradient
+    hpbl = hrrr.hpbl_m
+
+    if is_number(grad) and grad < -100 and is_number(hpbl) and hpbl > 0 do
+      duct_top = min(hpbl * 0.6, 500)
+      strength = abs(grad) / 10
+
+      [
+        %{
+          base_m_msl: surface_elev,
+          top_m_msl: surface_elev + duct_top,
+          strength: Float.round(strength, 1),
+          source: "inferred"
+        }
+      ]
+    else
+      []
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Merge duct layers that overlap or are within 100m of each other
+  defp merge_nearby_ducts(ducts) do
+    ducts
+    |> Enum.sort_by(& &1.base_m_msl)
+    |> Enum.reduce([], fn duct, acc ->
+      case acc do
+        [prev | rest] when duct.base_m_msl <= prev.top_m_msl + 100 ->
+          merged = %{
+            prev
+            | top_m_msl: max(prev.top_m_msl, duct.top_m_msl),
+              strength: max(prev.strength, duct.strength)
+          }
+
+          [merged | rest]
+
+        _ ->
+          [duct | acc]
+      end
+    end)
+    |> Enum.reverse()
+  end
+
   defp band_to_ghz(nil), do: 10.0
 
   defp band_to_ghz(band) do