diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop/weather.ex b/lib/microwaveprop/weather.ex
index 47686609..31deabb2 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop/weather.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop/weather.ex
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather do
alias Microwaveprop.Repo
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.Era5Profile
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.GridCache
+ alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfile
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrProfile
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.IemClient
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.IemreObservation
@@ -782,6 +783,37 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather do
|> Enum.reject(&is_nil/1)
end
+ @spec find_nearest_native_profile(float(), float(), DateTime.t()) ::
+ HrrrNativeProfile.t() | nil
+ def find_nearest_native_profile(lat, lon, timestamp) do
+ dlat = 0.07
+ dlon = 0.07
+ time_start = DateTime.add(timestamp, -3600, :second)
+ time_end = DateTime.add(timestamp, 3600, :second)
+
+ HrrrNativeProfile
+ |> where(
+ [n],
+ n.lat >= ^(lat - dlat) and n.lat <= ^(lat + dlat) and
+ n.lon >= ^(lon - dlon) and n.lon <= ^(lon + dlon) and
+ n.valid_time >= ^time_start and n.valid_time <= ^time_end
+ )
+ |> order_by([n],
+ asc:
+ fragment(
+ "ABS(? - ?) + ABS(? - ?) + ABS(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ? - ?))",
+ n.lat,
+ ^lat,
+ n.lon,
+ ^lon,
+ n.valid_time,
+ ^timestamp
+ )
+ )
+ |> limit(1)
+ |> Repo.one()
+ end
+
@doc """
Find the best available atmospheric profile for a contact.
Tries HRRR first (3 km, hourly), falls back to ERA5 (0.25°, hourly).
diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client.ex b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client.ex
index af55f42a..9431c25e 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client.ex
@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.Era5Client do
# bounds the worker but still gives CDS enough room.
@max_poll_attempts 720
- @pressure_levels ~w(1000 975 950 925 900 875 850 825 800 775 750 725 700)
+ @pressure_levels ~w(
+ 1000 975 950 925 900 875 850 825 800 775 750 725 700
+ 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100
+ )
@single_level_vars ~w(
2m_temperature
diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client.ex b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client.ex
index cbe55e22..e3c76b5c 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client.ex
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrClient do
defp hrrr_base, do: Application.get_env(:microwaveprop, :hrrr_base_url, @hrrr_base_default)
# Fine-grained levels below 900mb (~1km) for duct detection, plus standard upper levels.
- # Every 25mb from 1000-900 for ~80m vertical spacing near surface.
+ # Every 25mb from 1000-900 for ~80m vertical spacing near surface. Above 700mb
+ # the spacing loosens to 50/100mb — enough vertical resolution for the
+ # contact-detail skew-T log-P plot without ballooning byte-range fetches.
@pressure_levels [
1000,
975,
@@ -26,7 +28,19 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrClient do
775,
750,
725,
- 700
+ 700,
+ 650,
+ 600,
+ 550,
+ 500,
+ 450,
+ 400,
+ 350,
+ 300,
+ 250,
+ 200,
+ 150,
+ 100
]
@surface_messages [
diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile.ex b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile.ex
index f52e7eb3..c2eebab5 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile.ex
@@ -74,6 +74,50 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfile do
|> unique_constraint([:lat, :lon, :valid_time])
end
+ @doc """
+ Convert a native profile's parallel arrays into the list-of-maps
+ shape the skew-T renderer expects (`%{"pres", "tmpc", "dwpc", "hght"}`).
+ Dewpoint is derived from specific humidity, pressure, and temperature
+ via the Magnus inverse so the chart gets a full-atmosphere trace even
+ though the native file only carries SPFH. The result is sorted
+ surface-first (descending pressure).
+ """
+ @spec to_skew_t_profile(t()) :: [map()]
+ def to_skew_t_profile(%__MODULE__{} = profile) do
+ heights = profile.heights_m || []
+ temps = profile.temp_k || []
+ spfhs = profile.spfh || []
+ pressures = profile.pressure_pa || []
+
+ [heights, temps, spfhs, pressures]
+ |> Enum.zip()
+ |> Enum.flat_map(&level_to_skew_t/1)
+ |> Enum.sort_by(& &1["pres"], :desc)
+ end
+
+ defp level_to_skew_t({h, t_k, q, p_pa}) when is_number(t_k) and is_number(p_pa) do
+ p_hpa = p_pa / 100.0
+
+ [
+ %{
+ "pres" => p_hpa,
+ "tmpc" => t_k - 273.15,
+ "dwpc" => dewpoint_c(q, p_pa),
+ "hght" => h
+ }
+ ]
+ end
+
+ defp level_to_skew_t(_), do: []
+
+ defp dewpoint_c(q, p_pa) when is_number(q) and q > 0 and is_number(p_pa) do
+ e_hpa = q * p_pa / (0.622 + 0.378 * q) / 100.0
+ ln = :math.log(e_hpa / 6.112)
+ 243.5 * ln / (17.67 - ln)
+ end
+
+ defp dewpoint_c(_, _), do: nil
+
# All level arrays must have the same length, matching level_count.
defp validate_array_lengths(changeset) do
level_count = get_field(changeset, :level_count)
diff --git a/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex b/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
index b40a4676..ffd88896 100644
--- a/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
+++ b/lib/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live/show.ex
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
alias Microwaveprop.Terrain.TerrainAnalysis
alias Microwaveprop.Weather
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrClient
+ alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfile
alias Microwaveprop.Workers.ContactWeatherEnqueueWorker
alias Microwaveprop.Workers.Era5FetchWorker
alias Microwaveprop.Workers.HrrrFetchWorker
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
solar: nil,
hrrr: nil,
hrrr_path: [],
+ native_profile: nil,
era5: nil,
era5_path: [],
iemre: nil,
@@ -88,10 +90,21 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
|> start_async(:solar, fn -> load_solar(contact) end)
|> start_async(:hrrr_path, fn -> Weather.hrrr_profiles_for_path(contact) end)
|> start_async(:era5_path, fn -> Weather.era5_profiles_for_path(contact) end)
+ |> start_async(:native_profile, fn -> load_native_profile(contact) end)
|> start_async(:terrain, fn -> Terrain.get_terrain_profile(contact.id) end)
|> start_async(:iemre, fn -> load_iemre(contact) end)
end
+ # The native HRRR profile gives the skew-T a full-atmosphere trace (50
+ # hybrid levels up to ~19 km) for historical hours we've backfilled.
+ # Falls back silently to nil when no native profile is on disk; the
+ # chart then uses the pressure-level profile instead.
+ defp load_native_profile(%{pos1: %{"lat" => lat, "lon" => lon}, qso_timestamp: ts}) do
+ Weather.find_nearest_native_profile(lat, lon, ts)
+ end
+
+ defp load_native_profile(_), do: nil
+
defp load_pending_edit(contact, socket) do
case socket.assigns do
%{current_scope: %{user: %{id: user_id}}} ->
@@ -341,8 +354,12 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
{:noreply, assign(socket, :iemre, iemre)}
end
+ def handle_async(:native_profile, {:ok, native_profile}, socket) do
+ {:noreply, assign(socket, :native_profile, native_profile)}
+ end
+
def handle_async(slot, {:exit, reason}, socket)
- when slot in [:weather, :solar, :hrrr_path, :era5_path, :terrain, :iemre] do
+ when slot in [:weather, :solar, :hrrr_path, :era5_path, :native_profile, :terrain, :iemre] do
Logger.warning("contact hydrate task #{slot} exited: #{inspect(reason)}")
{:noreply, socket}
end
@@ -1128,6 +1145,22 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
@era5 -> "ERA5 (0.25°)"
true -> nil
end %>
+ <% skew_t_levels =
+ cond do
+ @native_profile ->
+ HrrrNativeProfile.to_skew_t_profile(@native_profile)
+
+ profile && profile.profile ->
+ profile.profile
+
+ true ->
+ []
+ end %>
+ <% skew_t_source =
+ cond do
+ @native_profile -> "HRRR native (50 hybrid levels)"
+ true -> profile_source
+ end %>
<%= if profile do %>
- <%= if profile.profile && profile.profile != [] do %>
- <.skew_t_chart profile={profile.profile} />
+ <%= if skew_t_levels != [] do %>
+ <%= if @native_profile do %>
+
+ Skew-T source: {skew_t_source}
+
+ <% end %>
+ <.skew_t_chart profile={skew_t_levels} />
@@ -1187,7 +1225,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLive.Show do
- <%= for level <- profile.profile do %>
+ <%= for level <- skew_t_levels do %>
{format_number(level["pres"])}
{format_number(level["hght"])}
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client_test.exs
index 4423626a..c1a61a24 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/era5_client_test.exs
@@ -207,4 +207,19 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.Era5ClientTest do
refute File.exists?(path)
end
end
+
+ describe "pressure_levels/0" do
+ test "covers upper troposphere and lower stratosphere for the skew-T plot" do
+ levels = Enum.map(Era5Client.pressure_levels(), &String.to_integer/1)
+
+ # Boundary-layer resolution near the surface stays intact.
+ assert 1000 in levels
+ assert 700 in levels
+
+ # Upper-air levels needed to fill out the skew-T above 700 mb.
+ for level <- [500, 300, 200, 100] do
+ assert level in levels, "expected #{level} mb in Era5Client.pressure_levels/0"
+ end
+ end
+ end
end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client_test.exs
index 9598b622..bf6c0986 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_client_test.exs
@@ -243,6 +243,40 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrClientTest do
result = HrrrClient.build_profile(parsed)
assert length(result.profile) == 1
end
+
+ test "includes upper-air levels above 700 mb for the skew-T plot" do
+ parsed = %{
+ "TMP:700 mb" => 275.0,
+ "DPT:700 mb" => 265.0,
+ "HGT:700 mb" => 3100.0,
+ "TMP:500 mb" => 253.0,
+ "DPT:500 mb" => 238.0,
+ "HGT:500 mb" => 5800.0,
+ "TMP:300 mb" => 228.0,
+ "DPT:300 mb" => 200.0,
+ "HGT:300 mb" => 9400.0,
+ "TMP:100 mb" => 205.0,
+ "DPT:100 mb" => 180.0,
+ "HGT:100 mb" => 16_300.0,
+ "TMP:2 m above ground" => 299.0,
+ "DPT:2 m above ground" => 292.0,
+ "PRES:surface" => 101_350.0,
+ "HPBL:surface" => 1500.0,
+ "PWAT:entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)" => 25.0
+ }
+
+ result = HrrrClient.build_profile(parsed)
+ pressures = Enum.map(result.profile, & &1["pres"])
+
+ assert 500.0 in pressures
+ assert 300.0 in pressures
+ assert 100.0 in pressures
+
+ level_500 = Enum.find(result.profile, &(&1["pres"] == 500.0))
+ assert_in_delta level_500["tmpc"], 253.0 - 273.15, 0.001
+ assert_in_delta level_500["dwpc"], 238.0 - 273.15, 0.001
+ assert level_500["hght"] == 5800.0
+ end
end
describe "surface_messages/0" do
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile_test.exs
index 3b863354..3e6cac84 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather/hrrr_native_profile_test.exs
@@ -56,4 +56,56 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfileTest do
assert "has already been taken" in errors_on(changeset).lat
end
end
+
+ describe "to_skew_t_profile/1" do
+ test "converts native parallel arrays into skew-T map list sorted surface-first" do
+ profile = struct(HrrrNativeProfile, @valid_attrs)
+
+ levels = HrrrNativeProfile.to_skew_t_profile(profile)
+
+ assert length(levels) == 3
+
+ # Ordered surface-first (descending pressure).
+ pressures = Enum.map(levels, & &1["pres"])
+ assert pressures == Enum.sort(pressures, :desc)
+
+ [surface | _] = levels
+
+ # pressure Pa → hPa
+ assert_in_delta surface["pres"], 1010.0, 0.01
+ # temperature K → °C
+ assert_in_delta surface["tmpc"], 295.0 - 273.15, 0.01
+ # geopotential height passes through
+ assert surface["hght"] == 10.0
+
+ # Dewpoint derived from SPFH + pressure + temperature via Magnus.
+ # e = q*p/(0.622 + 0.378*q)/100 = 0.010*101000/0.62578/100 ≈ 16.140 hPa
+ # td = 243.5*ln(e/6.112)/(17.67 − ln(e/6.112)) ≈ 14.16 °C
+ assert_in_delta surface["dwpc"], 14.16, 0.1
+ end
+
+ test "returns empty list when arrays are nil or empty" do
+ blank = %HrrrNativeProfile{
+ heights_m: nil,
+ temp_k: nil,
+ spfh: nil,
+ pressure_pa: nil
+ }
+
+ assert HrrrNativeProfile.to_skew_t_profile(blank) == []
+ end
+
+ test "drops levels with missing pressure or temperature" do
+ attrs =
+ @valid_attrs
+ |> Map.put(:temp_k, [295.0, nil, 285.0])
+ |> Map.put(:pressure_pa, [101_000.0, 99_800.0, nil])
+
+ profile = struct(HrrrNativeProfile, attrs)
+
+ levels = HrrrNativeProfile.to_skew_t_profile(profile)
+ assert length(levels) == 1
+ assert hd(levels)["hght"] == 10.0
+ end
+ end
end
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop/weather_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop/weather_test.exs
index 9e197a42..3e8b495b 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop/weather_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop/weather_test.exs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.WeatherTest do
use Microwaveprop.DataCase, async: true
alias Microwaveprop.Weather
+ alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfile
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrProfile
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.IemreObservation
@@ -687,6 +688,50 @@ defmodule Microwaveprop.WeatherTest do
end
end
+ describe "find_nearest_native_profile/3" do
+ @native_attrs %{
+ valid_time: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z],
+ run_time: ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z],
+ lat: 32.90,
+ lon: -97.04,
+ level_count: 2,
+ heights_m: [10.0, 500.0],
+ temp_k: [295.0, 285.0],
+ spfh: [0.010, 0.004],
+ pressure_pa: [101_000.0, 95_000.0],
+ u_wind_ms: [2.0, 3.0],
+ v_wind_ms: [1.0, 1.5],
+ tke_m2s2: [0.5, 0.1]
+ }
+
+ test "returns nearest native profile within bounding box + time window" do
+ {:ok, _} =
+ %HrrrNativeProfile{}
+ |> HrrrNativeProfile.changeset(@native_attrs)
+ |> Microwaveprop.Repo.insert()
+
+ profile = Weather.find_nearest_native_profile(32.91, -97.05, ~U[2026-03-28 18:20:00Z])
+ assert profile
+ assert profile.lat == 32.90
+ assert profile.level_count == 2
+ end
+
+ test "returns nil when no native profile exists nearby" do
+ assert Weather.find_nearest_native_profile(40.0, -80.0, ~U[2026-03-28 18:00:00Z]) == nil
+ end
+
+ test "returns nil when the nearest profile is outside the time window" do
+ {:ok, _} =
+ %HrrrNativeProfile{}
+ |> HrrrNativeProfile.changeset(@native_attrs)
+ |> Microwaveprop.Repo.insert()
+
+ # 3+ hours away from the stored 18:00Z profile.
+ assert Weather.find_nearest_native_profile(32.91, -97.05, ~U[2026-03-28 22:00:00Z]) ==
+ nil
+ end
+ end
+
describe "iemre_for_contact/1" do
test "returns IEMRE observation matching QSO pos1 and date" do
Weather.upsert_iemre_observation(@iemre_attrs)
diff --git a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
index 5adaa848..7ba0852e 100644
--- a/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
+++ b/test/microwaveprop_web/live/contact_live_test.exs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLiveTest do
alias Microwaveprop.Radio.Contact
alias Microwaveprop.Repo
alias Microwaveprop.Weather.Era5Profile
+ alias Microwaveprop.Weather.HrrrNativeProfile
setup do
Req.Test.stub(Microwaveprop.Terrain.ElevationClient, fn conn ->
@@ -191,5 +192,62 @@ defmodule MicrowavepropWeb.ContactLiveTest do
assert html =~ "1200"
assert html =~ "33.0"
end
+
+ test "skew-T uses native HRRR profile when backfilled", %{conn: conn} do
+ # Native backfill has reached this hour — use its full-atmosphere
+ # profile for the skew-T instead of the 700 mb-capped pressure-level one.
+ contact =
+ create_contact(%{
+ qso_timestamp: ~U[2024-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+ pos1: %{"lat" => 32.9, "lon" => -97.0},
+ pos2: %{"lat" => 30.3, "lon" => -97.7}
+ })
+
+ # ERA5 row keeps the atmospheric profile section rendering with its
+ # aggregate metadata (HPBL / PWAT / surface scalars).
+ {:ok, _} =
+ Repo.insert(%Era5Profile{
+ valid_time: ~U[2024-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+ lat: 32.9,
+ lon: -97.0,
+ profile: [%{"pres" => 850.0, "tmpc" => 15.0, "dwpc" => 10.0, "hght" => 1500.0}],
+ surface_temp_c: 25.0,
+ surface_dewpoint_c: 18.0,
+ surface_pressure_mb: 1012.0,
+ hpbl_m: 1200.0,
+ pwat_mm: 30.0,
+ surface_refractivity: 320.0,
+ min_refractivity_gradient: -50.0,
+ ducting_detected: false
+ })
+
+ # Native profile at the same point/time. `pressure_pa: [..., 30_000.0]`
+ # corresponds to 300 mb — a level the pressure-level profile cannot
+ # cover because HRRR/ERA5 stopped at 700 mb historically.
+ {:ok, _} =
+ %HrrrNativeProfile{}
+ |> HrrrNativeProfile.changeset(%{
+ valid_time: ~U[2024-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+ run_time: ~U[2024-06-15 18:00:00Z],
+ lat: 32.9,
+ lon: -97.0,
+ level_count: 3,
+ heights_m: [10.0, 1500.0, 9500.0],
+ temp_k: [298.0, 288.0, 228.0],
+ spfh: [0.012, 0.006, 0.0001],
+ pressure_pa: [101_000.0, 85_000.0, 30_000.0],
+ u_wind_ms: [2.0, 5.0, 20.0],
+ v_wind_ms: [1.0, 2.0, 5.0],
+ tke_m2s2: [0.5, 0.2, 0.05]
+ })
+ |> Repo.insert()
+
+ {:ok, lv, _html} = live(conn, ~p"/contacts/#{contact.id}")
+ html = render_async(lv)
+
+ assert html =~ "HRRR native"
+ # 300 mb comes from the native profile — pressure-level data capped at 700.
+ assert html =~ "300.0"
+ end
end
end