aprs.me/lib/aprsme_web/live/map_live/packet_batcher.ex

defmodule AprsmeWeb.MapLive.PacketBatcher do
  @moduledoc """
  Batches incoming packets for efficient processing and rendering.
  Reduces the number of updates sent to the client by grouping packets.
  """

  use GenServer

  @batch_size 10
  # milliseconds
  @batch_timeout 100

  defstruct [:parent_pid, :buffer, :timer_ref, :buffer_size, latest_by_sender: %{}]

  @type t :: %__MODULE__{
          parent_pid: pid(),
          buffer: [map()],
          buffer_size: non_neg_integer(),
          timer_ref: reference() | nil
        }

  @doc """
  Start the packet batcher for a LiveView process.
  """
  def start_link(parent_pid) do
    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, parent_pid)
  end

  @doc """
  Add a packet to the batch queue.
  """
  def add_packet(batcher_pid, packet) do
    GenServer.cast(batcher_pid, {:add_packet, packet})
  end

  @doc """
  Force immediate processing of all buffered packets.
  """
  def flush(batcher_pid) do
    GenServer.cast(batcher_pid, :flush)
  end

  # GenServer callbacks

  @impl true
  def init(parent_pid) do
    # Monitor parent LiveView process
    Process.monitor(parent_pid)

    {:ok,
     %__MODULE__{
       parent_pid: parent_pid,
       buffer: [],
       buffer_size: 0,
       timer_ref: nil
     }}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_cast({:add_packet, packet}, state) do
    case accept_packet(state, packet) do
      {:reject, state} ->
        {:noreply, state}

      {:accept, state} ->
        new_buffer = [packet | state.buffer]
        new_size = state.buffer_size + 1
        state = cancel_timer(state)

        if new_size >= @batch_size do
          process_batch(new_buffer, state.parent_pid)
          {:noreply, %{state | buffer: [], buffer_size: 0, timer_ref: nil}}
        else
          timer_ref = Process.send_after(self(), :batch_timeout, @batch_timeout)
          {:noreply, %{state | buffer: new_buffer, buffer_size: new_size, timer_ref: timer_ref}}
        end
    end
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_cast(:flush, state) do
    state = cancel_timer(state)

    if state.buffer_size > 0 do
      process_batch(state.buffer, state.parent_pid)
    end

    {:noreply, %{state | buffer: [], buffer_size: 0, timer_ref: nil}}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_info(:batch_timeout, state) do
    if state.buffer_size > 0 do
      process_batch(state.buffer, state.parent_pid)
    end

    {:noreply, %{state | buffer: [], buffer_size: 0, timer_ref: nil}}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_info({:DOWN, _ref, :process, pid, _reason}, state) when pid == state.parent_pid do
    # Parent LiveView process died, stop the batcher
    {:stop, :normal, state}
  end

  # Private functions

  defp cancel_timer(%{timer_ref: nil} = state), do: state

  defp cancel_timer(%{timer_ref: ref} = state) do
    _ = Process.cancel_timer(ref)
    %{state | timer_ref: nil}
  end

  defp process_batch(packets, parent_pid) do
    # Reverse to maintain chronological order
    packets = Enum.reverse(packets)

    # Send batch to parent LiveView
    send(parent_pid, {:packet_batch, packets})
  end

  defp accept_packet(state, packet) do
    sender = Map.get(packet, :sender) || Map.get(packet, "sender")
    received_at = Map.get(packet, :received_at) || Map.get(packet, "received_at")

    with true <- is_binary(sender),
         false <- is_nil(received_at),
         latest = Map.get(state.latest_by_sender, sender),
         true <- newer_timestamp?(received_at, latest) do
      {:accept, %{state | latest_by_sender: Map.put(state.latest_by_sender, sender, received_at)}}
    else
      false when is_binary(sender) and not is_nil(received_at) -> {:reject, state}
      _other -> {:accept, state}
    end
  end

  defp newer_timestamp?(_incoming, nil), do: true
  defp newer_timestamp?(%DateTime{} = incoming, %DateTime{} = latest), do: DateTime.after?(incoming, latest)

  defp newer_timestamp?(%NaiveDateTime{} = incoming, %NaiveDateTime{} = latest),
    do: NaiveDateTime.after?(incoming, latest)

  defp newer_timestamp?(_incoming, _latest), do: true
end